However, its reliance on blast furnace smelting processes, which consume large quantities of coke derived from coal, poses a significant challenge to achieving China’s ambitious carbon reduction ...

The findings suggest that while hydrogen can significantly reduce coke consumption and carbon ... (BF): A large industrial furnace used for smelting to produce metals, typically iron, from ore.

However, smelting and purifying titanium requires specialized ... containing chlorine gas and the carbon-based reducer known as coke. Temperatures of around 1,000 degrees Celsius then produce ...