Three forms of dehydration can be distinguished on the basis of the plasma tonicity: hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic dehydration. Many studies on dehydration are limited to hypertonic dehydration.

Trials evaluating the use of hypertonic saline solutions for resuscitation after traumatic injury have not shown an overall mortality benefit compared with isotonic fluid administration.

At the moment, annoying colds are particularly common and make it difficult to catch your breath. In cold weather, the blood vessels in the nose contract and the mucous membranes are less supplied ...

There are three main types of dehydration: isotonic, which occurs when water and sodium are lost together through vomiting, diarrhoea, sweating, or burns; hypertonic, which occurs when water ...

However, when a cell death (CD) pathway is triggered, CV persistently decreases in isotonic conditions in apoptosis and ... By whatever way, as upon hypertonic cell shrinkage also vesicles rapidly ...

100 ml) of isotonic saline warmed to body temperature (36.5°C ... Thirty participants required the inhalation of hypertonic saline to induce sputum (=non-expectorating patients), the other 105 were ...

It was realised that other solutes contribute and these are organic osmoles (such as myoinisotol, taurine, and glutamate) which are lost over a day to a very few days, rendering the cell isotonic to .

Most are isotonic saline solutions, meaning they have the same amount of salt as your blood. Isotonic saline also has a pH of 6.4, roughly the same pH as most people's tears. Boric acid eye washes ...

A boric acid eye wash can be effective for flushing eyes exposed to grit or other foreign objects. You can also use it to ease dry, irritated, or burning eyes. Boric acid eye washes have antiseptic ...

These guidelines aim to help clinicians manage patients who have had an intestinal resection that leaves a short length (about 2 m or less) of small bowel remaining. The preliminary guidelines were ...